File and Directory Management
ls: Lists files and directories in the current directory.cd: Changes the current directory.pwd: Prints the current working directory.mkdir: Creates a new directory.rm: Removes files or directories.
File Viewing and Editing
cat: Displays the content of a file.nano: Opens a file in the Nano text editor.viorvim: Opens a file in the Vi or Vim text editor.
File Searching
grep: Searches for a specific pattern in files.find: Searches for files and directories.
File Permissions and Ownership
chmod: Changes file permissions.chown: Changes file ownership.
Networking
ping: Checks the network connection to a server.ifconfigorip a: Displays network interfaces and configurations.netstat: Displays network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast memberships.nmap: Network scanning tool to discover hosts and services on a computer network.
Process Management
ps: Displays currently running processes.top: Displays real-time system summary and list of processes.kill: Terminates processes.
System Information
uname: Prints system information.df: Displays disk space usage.du: Estimates file space usage.
Package Management (Debian/Ubuntu)
apt-get: Manages packages.
Miscellaneous
wget: Downloads files from the web.curl: Transfers data from or to a server.
These commands form the foundation for many tasks you’ll perform while hunting for bugs and performing security assessments.